BA 297 Trip to St. Petersburg

This are my travel notes from a recent trip I took to Russia. I went to Russia as part of a four person team from the Haas School of Business. The team, consisting of myself, Alexei Melekhin, Carolyn Sproule, and Karen White, went to St. Petersburg for the purpose of conducting a needs assessment for Children's Hospital #1, St. Petersburg. They are in the process of building a new cardiac catheter lab and needed our help to develop some costing and operational tools for them. The trip was part of my BA 297, International Development class. Just as a disclaimer, these notes reflect my opinions and observations only and don't necessarily represent those of my teammates. What would you like to read about?

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First Impressions

5/16-5/17 The trip to Russia. Uneventful, slept a little. On the Delta flight to Atlanta, we though on of their money saving measures was to only feed half the plane (random, on that flight the left side). Seems they're a little short of stewardesses (short two on that flight). I don't plan on flying Delta any time soon. It's too bad, a few years ago they were pretty good. The flight to Frankfurt was just long. We only had a 90 minute layover in Frankfurt. Too bad, it would have been fun to see Frankfurt again.

My first impression of St. Petersburg is OLD. The control tower at the airport looked like it had rust all over it, (was probably just the brickwork but that was the impression. The tarmac had weeds growing out of the edges, and there was an MI-8 hilicopter painted in nice Aeroflot colors with the missile rails still on it. The airport itself only has 3 gates and not much traffic.

Flying into the city, it looks like the industrial plants are scattered all over the city w/ no particular concentration of factories. They are all huge. Equally huge are the housing tracts, all large multi block apartment complexes that look like they are stuck in the 70's grimy, and old. Carolyn made an interesting observation that I never would have picked up on, none of the apartment blocks had any parking lots. Later we discovered that one of the reasons they look so large is that they're hollow in the middle. Almost all apartment buildings have a courtyard or yard in the middle. All the rooms are build around it.

The ride to our apartment was about 30 minutes and it was just interesting to see things as we drove by. The bus had no shocks (that we could feel anyway).

On our apartment - The apartment that we're staying in is pretty nice. It's a private apartment with whom Boris has worked our an "arrangement". Boris is our Russian contact here. He runs the Russian end of Heart to Heart (H2H). For $US 1,000, the owner, Olga, lets us have it for 3 weeks. we give her the money and handle her phone calls "Olga domaya nyet" (Russian for "Olga doesn't live here"), and we never see her until it's time to leave. It has 2 bedrooms, a decent kitchen, a couple of TV, etc. It will fit the 4 of us, but I don't know about 6 (Kathy and Dana, another team sponsored by Haas). The building has no elevator so we trudged up 5 flights of stairs with all of our bags. There are 3 doors to navigate to get into our apartment. The first is the front door to the 3 apartments in our alley. The second is a heavy duty steel security door. The third is normal with padding for sound proofing. All the buildings look old and seem to be made of prepoured concrete.

After we settled in and took a needed nap, we finally hooked up with Dr. Hardy (our client and the chief cardiologist at Children's Hospital, Oakland) for dinner. Looks like he's buying for the next few days. Pretty weak (by western standards) fare, bread, shredded carrots, cold beef and potatoes. From what I'm told, Russia is no haven for vegetarians (we keep on running into potatoes though). After that we all went to the Finnish 24 hr supermarket (very thin and long). With kitchen and utensils, we should be able to make all of our own breakfasts and save lot of money.

Dr Hardy has been a great host. Not only did he give us a lot of info before leaving and make it possible to access more, he is really taking good care of us. Part of it is that he's already doing it for the rest of the H2H team and it's easy to fit us in. Tomorrow were going an extensive bus tour of St. Petersburg - Hermitage - the fortress - Catherine's Palace - etc then a dinner party at the home of the first patient's grandmother's place. It will be interesting to compare our place with theirs. Sunday we go to brunch, the Summer Palace and shopping.

Time to go to bed. The time difference is 11 hours and we've been flying since 0700. I'm really burned. Unfortunately, we had some visitors from downstairs tonight. Apparently, water had been flooding into their apartment from "one of the upper floors (ours) and they wanted to know what the cause was. The only one who spoke English was the guy from #20. If he hadn't been there, I don't know what we would have done. They looked around for a couple of minutes then came back with the remainder of the neighbors at 2330. I let them in because the last thing I want to do is be uncooperative. We don't need to make enemies on day #1, and I didn't want to compromise anything with Olga. Of course Karen and Carolyn were in a dead sleep by then an never woke up, leaving me to deal with 6 irate Russians, a cat, and a dog.

They never did find the cause of the water. Good for them, I wasn't going to volunteer the reason. Let's just say that the toilet kept on flushing so I tried to turn off one of the water valves. Later on, I put the valve back where it was originally. When they were looking behind the toilet tank and pulled out a showerhead looking thing, I had my "oh shit" for the day. I can only imagine what they would have said if they had pulled out the shower head and it had still been running. teaching point - Don't mess with any wiring or plumbing in a foreign country unless you are absolutely sure of what everything is hooked up to. Hopefully we'll never see them again. I'm going to bed. What a day. Welcome to Russia.

5/18 Woke up at 0430. If this keeps up, I'm dead. I don't think I can make 3 weeks on 4-5 hours a night. I woke up this morning partially because of jet lag but also because the sun comes up that early. We're almost into the period they call the "White Nights". Because St. Petersburg is at such a high latitude (60 degrees = Anchorage, AK) it doesn't get dark until 2330 or so and the sun rises early. Last night, Dana and Kathy finally went home at 2245 and it looked like it was 1800 in Berkeley.

Turns out we brought a lot of good stuff with us. The duct tape was really useful as was the Gerber. Never leave home without it. If I had known how nice our apartment was going to be, I would have brought my French press and coffee. Karen brought our the printer too which has been really useful. I suppose we could have brought out a microwave, but that would have required a 1600W transformer and those are really heavy.

Today was a hell of day. We ate breakfast, then met the group at the Hotel Moskva at 0900 then it was off running for the rest of the day. The Lonely Planet Guide recommends 10 sites that no one should miss. We saw 5 of them today: the Hermitage, Peter and Paul Fortress, St. Issac's Cathedral, Smolney Cathedral, and Alexander Nevsky Monastery. Tomorrow we see the Summer Palace, Church of the Resurrection, and shop. While we were at the Hermitage, we saw a crowd forming to hear a performance. Turns out the mayor of St. Petersburg was using some music acts to gather the crowd for a political rally.

Russian Hospitality

Once we finished with the whirlwind tour of the Hermitage (modern art in 15 minutes - we'll go back later), we went off to the dinner party. This blew away all of my expectations. The people were warm and friendly, there was an incredible amount of food and drink (which for the sake of 297 we were forced to partake in) and singing, toasts, and dancing. I can't believe how much liquor they (the party) put down. We had potato salad (w/ celery, peas, carrots, green onion, and dill), meatloaf, boiled potatoes, potatoes with shredded chicken, pickled veggies, ground turkey and a cabbage pie for dessert. Of course there was the required toasting and then the Russians began to sing. They would sing a song then we had to reciprocate. We couldn't think of any. Then EVERYONE took to the dance floor. I would never have expected to see this in the States. These people opened their homes to 30 some people (tight fit), stuffed us, then we all had a great time singing and dancing. It was a nice change. Everyone says the Russians are pretty stern but when they invite you home, they want to have a good time. Grandpa was starting to get a little frisky with some of the girls. Apartment was about 600 square feet. We also had dinner with another Russian family, this time in Moscow

For the three of us, we were nodding off at dinner. It's a little past 2300 now and that will make it almost 90 hours on 4 hours of sleep plus what I got on the plane (not much). On the plus side, my ability to read Russian has improved dramatically. teaching point - One of the best things you can do to prepare yourself for a trip to Russia is to learn the alphabet and how to pronounce words. Current exchange rate 1$US = 5000 Rubles.

5/19 The night of sleep felt sooooo good. Today we had breakfast at an all you can eat breakfast buffet at the Europa Hotel (only $243 a night for a single). The smoked salmon was great and the caviar was interesting. It's a really nice buffet and great just to be able to eat all you wanted.

Lots of small private farm plots. Roads suck in general. There are potholes everywhere and every drive we take is an experience. Very heavy uniformed presence.

The whole Heart to Heart team (except for Dr Hardy himself

Pushkin (Catherine II's Summer Palace) - gaudy. I've never seen people shop so much. Everywhere we go, the H2H people (the ladies) seem to have to stop at every stand we see.

Pavlosk (Paul's Summer Palace) - smaller but nicer because it's not as gaudy. After you've seen a couple of palaces, they all begin to look the same. I had the same experience in Europe.

We finally go down to the bazaar where everyone could shop their hearts out. For a while, I wasn't sure we were going to make it with all the side shopping stops we were making. The bus just about fried me with the heat outside, the CO, and the heat vent under my leg. All the tours this weekend cost a grand total of $30. That's admission fees, the bus for 2 days, a tour guide, and all the food.

Had a business dinner with Dr Hardy. Went pretty well and I think we have a good start on the project. Have to make sure that we're on the same sheet of music with Dana and Cathy. Tomorrow we actually start. I'm excited. Have to run a process check on the group. Want to make sure I'm not being too anal or structured.

A few stories about the Metro. Kathy fell and got one of her legs caught between the tracks and the train. The doors on the Metro close really quickly, and you don't want to get caught between them. Luckily Chris was right behind her and was able to grab her and pull her out. Just a lesson to be learned. After dinner, we were taking the Metro back and Carolyn and I were joking about getting on the Metro and not recognizing anyone -- realizing that you had gotten on the wrong train. We were talking about how much knowing German has helped to read Russian when we looked around and didn't see anyone else from our group. So we quickly ran back up the ramp and found everyone else.

The Russian Health Care System

Here I am, ready to go into the catheter room

5/20 Things here are going pretty well. We had our first visit to the hospital today and it was quite an eye-opening experience. Impressions? Each floor had a different smell on it (paint, cats, bleach). The receiving rooms were "sterilized" using UV light (really a heat lamp), the cats running around in the basement, the kid who was burned over 60% of her body yet they wouldn't change her soaked bandages because she was going to die and they didn't want to waste the bandages, the kids in the burn ward who have no place to go now, the peeling paint and crumbling concrete, the babies tied down to their beds in the NICU because there are no cribs. I guess if you've worked extensively in any western hospital, it must be pretty depressing. I know Karen was as was Carolyn. Even if you haven't, it's still pretty amazing. It's sort of what I expected and it's just the way they do business. They're short of everything, so it only goes to those who have a good chance of living. In the ICU, they don't use pain medication after surgery or in the burn ward when they're changing wrappings.

They are short of a lot of things here. Office supplies are in short supply so we brought all of our own, just so we wouldn't take what they needed - copier paper, tape, post-its, pens. Just something to keep in mind if anyone else goes. We took enough so that we didn't have to ask the hospital for anything. Medical supplies are in huge demand too. There are a lot of drugs that they just can't get. Everything that our doctors consider as disposable, theirs reuse. That includes syringes, catheters, gowns, and a lot of other things. Even if they have sufficient quantities in stock, they can't be sure of a constant supply so they conserve. They sterilize everything in "magic solution". I'm not sure what it really is but Karen probably does. They put everything, scalpels, syringes, needles, catheters etc into the "magic solution" and it soaks for awhile, then it "sterilized".

I think our project is going to develop into two objectives. The first is to conduct a needs assessment of the cardiac catheter unit and allow them to see a price and resource breakdown of each procedure. The second would be to straighten out their supply room and develop an inventory management system. Their current system consists of 150 or so unmarked boxes with assorted stuff inside, catheters, introducers, etc. They had no idea what they actually had. With all the support we've gotten, I think we should be able to do both. It's nice to really be working after all this build up. Tomorrow we go the cardiac catheter lab at the Cardiovascular Institute to see how they actually do them here. We're trying to determine how much reuse their disposables actually see.

Alexei arrived today too which was a good thing. We were really worried about how he would get here.

5/21 As we speak, Alexei is trying to splice into the phone line and hook up his computer to the e-mail server here in St. Petersburg. Amazing.

Things I haven't seen here yet: shorts, bicycles, street vendors selling food or anything else for that matter, McDonalds, garbage cans on the street.

The traffic system here is interesting too. So far, we haven't seen too many lane lines. Seems like everyone just knows where they're going. People just push forward until someone yields. There are potholes in all the streets. Haven't seen but one accident though.

For some reason, I keep on tripping over everything and falling down. Hmmmm. Yesterday we went for our first run. That was pretty nice. At 0600, nobody's out and about. You get to see the city in a new light. It's cold but it's nice and quiet.

5/22 Back to the hospital for more interviews and to see the room where the cath lab will go. Alexei and Karen chased after more information while Carolyn and I finished sorting the supply room.

5/23 Today, everyone has something of their own to do. The H2H team also leaves today. They are good bunch of people. I will miss them. It will also be a good day to digest all the information we have gathered, put it into our framework, and see what information is missing and what is still required.

THE PROBLEM

The stockroom is a mess. Everything is stacked up in boxes of assorted stuff. Until this week, nothing was even labeled or sorted. Carolyn and I have a huge job ahead of us but I think we have pretty good handle on what we need to do. The Pulse Instruments experience is coming in handy because we're designing a very simple inventory tracking system for them. I'm trying to keep the computers out of it and creating labels in Cyrillic will be an interesting task.

I can't believe that we've been here a week already. Everything is going by so fast. Of course, unlike the other teams, we arrived before the weekend, then spent 2 days sightseeing which ate up a lot of time. That was good in other ways though, that even if everything else goes to pot, we will have still seen St. Petersburg. Moscow is still on the books as is the ballet.

So far I haven't found any English language newspapers either. I would have thought that the hotel would have them but they don't. I want to check on my stock prices and find out what's going on in the world.
Some sample prices to date:
Yogurt 3,000 R
1 litre of water 5,000 R
Ride on the metro 1,200 R
Box of Musli 14,500 R
Loaf of bread 2,250 R
Bottle of champagne 35,000 R
Pkg of copier paper 40-50,000 R
Ticket to Moscow 120,000 R
USA Today 15,000 R

On the Police (Militsia) - The uniformed presence here both military and police is overwhelming. They are everywhere. It seems that the military gets deputized to help keep the peace. Another thing about the security here isn't so much that there's a lot of it but they all travel in large groups. There is an awful lot of camouflage around here. I don't think I've seen any two soldiers (in camouflage) dressed alike. That might explain a lot of the casualties in Chechnya.

A lot of the police here wear bulletproof vests. They do in the States also but not as obvious. I asked Alexei about it and he said that being a policeman is very dangerous, both because some are corrupt but also because the people don't like them. There are four types of uniformed security here: 1) the OMOH, riot police, these letters can be found on their shoulder patched. They are hated by the people so I am told. There was a concert near the Herimitage the first weekend we were there and the newspapers said the OMOH were dragging people out of the crowd who were too "rowdy". 2) the Militsia, the regular police, they wear black uniforms and wear "militsia" in Cyrillic on their shoulders. 3) the military, who mostly police their own. and 4) private security. They vary in levels of professionalism. Most of the ones I saw were delivering money to the various banks and exchange offices.

Finally got to see Gostiny Dvor, a large department store in the heart of St. Petersburg. I walked downtown to find some office supplies and had little luck. Anyway, the store is really big, the little stores are arranged in 2 floors around a central core. Each lady has a little store that she is in charge of. There is a shoe section, clothes section, etc. What I found to be odd was that stores had overlapping merchandise but it didn't seem like they were competing. At least it didn't seem like it because they were all lounging against their counters waiting for someone to buy. The one store I did go to had no concept of customer service. I would have killed for an Office Depot.

5/25 Yesterday was the big interview day. We had appointments to talk with the head of finance, the director of the hospital, the chief engineer, and Vadim, the head of Cardiology. The work in the stockroom continues. We got a lot of really good information including some of their cost breakdowns. The conversation with the chief engineer revealed (we think) an interesting lack of communications between Toshiba (Moscow) and Toshiba (Amsterdam). Apparently, the hospital keeps on going to Toshiba (Moscow) for technical information which they don't get because Moscow tells them there is no contract. There is a contract which answers a lot of their questions but it is between Chris and Toshiba (Amsterdam). It doesn't sound like the two Toshiba groups have talked to each other.

Just a note: Alexei has been great here. It really helps to have a native speaker on the team. However, that doesn't mean that we don't need interpreters. Although, Alexei can translate, it's very tiring to do so. It also cuts him out of the conversation. If they speak in Russian, it's faster and probably easier on Alexei, but it cuts us out of the conversation and puts everything on Alexei's shoulders too.

When we finished for the day, Karen and I went to a wine tasting. This project is turning out to be a lot different than I expected. There is a charity here called Peter's Children. They collect money, supplies, and local corporate sponsorship to help improve facilities for children in the various hospitals and children's homes. They hosted a wine tasting last night at the Nevsky Palace (very nice) for $20 a head. They had 9 different Russian wines (champagnes, Moldavian, Georgian, etc) available for tasting. Actually 8 and a ninth mystery wine. There was also the option to have a second glass of your favorite. The event was aimed primarily at the western expatriate (expat) community and it seems like it's pretty tight out here.

We had e-mail for a while. Alexei had spliced his laptop into the phone line and accessed his old account in Vladivostok through St. Petersburg. I think we were paying $1.50 per hour for access and $1.50 for every 64K we sent. Yesterday we got cut off. We'll see on Monday if we can get access again. Sure was nice to able to send and receive. We still have access, but we have to call through Moscow. Not sure that's worth it, maybe only for a quick download.

Today was another of those lazy Saturdays. We all slept in late, then got on a river boat for an hour to cruise the Neva River. Following that we (me, Karen, Carolyn, Dana, and Kathy) walked around a bit then went to the Russian Museum. It was pretty nice and one of the few exhibits that had explanations in English also. After the museum, everyone was hungry so we went to a place called Metekhi which serves Georgian fare. This was a great restaurant (very close to the circus). There were 5 of us eating and our total bill including drinks and stuffing ourselves was 110,000 rubles ($US 22). We had some fried chicken with sauce, a bean made of bean paste made with onions and dill, eggplant, and some salad. It was good tasting and quick. After ordering, the food was ready.

Alexei didn't go with us today but before he left the apartment, he got on e-mail and downloaded all the new mail. That's a story in itself. When the three of us got home, we found the disk with all the e-mail that Alexei had downloaded. So there we are, three of us huddled around a laptop seeing who got mail. Reminds me of mailcall in the Army. Anyway, we'd call up a file, find out whose it was, then pass the laptop to them so they could read their mail. Then we'd start all over. It's just funny how dependent we've all become on e-mail and computers.

We finally saw some of the crime around here. We were walking back from the metro stop (Vosstania Ploshad) when we saw two young men get out of a nice car and grab two other guys. There was no violence, but by the way the two men were led off to be "talked" to, you could pretty much guess what was going on. That aside, I don't think there is any more crime here than you would find in any big western city

5/26 We went back to the Hermitage today. The last visit was kind of hurried and we all wanted a more leisurely visit. The museum is huge. We spent half a day there and even that was rushed. Several times on my way back to our meeting place, I would get lost and end up discovering new exhibits that I hadn't seen before.

That night, we settled down to do some work. One of the issues was to have Alexei download all the information he gathered about how the Russians calculate the cost of an cardiac intervention. They have two forms of payment here. For major/complicated procedures, the city pays for the whole thing. For tests and simple procedures, insurance pays for it. There is separate accounting for in-city patients and those from outside of St. Petersburg. For in-city patients, since the city pays for all of them, the total costs of the cardiac section is totaled and averaged over 140 cases, all that the city will pay for in a year. At one time the hospital was owed money by city so there was no money for food. The hospital had to solicit insurance companies and banks to borrow money for food. Usual rate is 10000 R/day of stay. Apparently, the hospital owes the city money for utilities but the city owes money for procedures so the hospital just doesn't pay the utilities. It's confusing to me too.

It started raining today. It's funny, if it had rained from day 1, it would have been what I expected, but the weather here has been so nice that the rain is kind of a bummer.

5/27 Had my first cold shower today. It was very cold. So far the hot water situation has been good but every now and then the hot water just cuts off. Today is just never came on. I'm just glad that it's summer here and not winter.

The food situation here isn't too bad. We eat out every now and then and last night we made dinner. it's been really nice to have a kitchen available Breakfast is still coffee and musli with yogurt. Three weeks of it. Our biggest recurring need is water. The tap water in St. Petersburg is undrinkable without boiling for 4-5 minutes so we have to buy all the water we drink and wash with. The four of us go through about 4 litres of water a day.

5/28 Dana and Kathy just left. They have been really good to us too. It is nice to have someone else around to bounce ideas off of. They had both been to St. Petersburg before and made good "tour guides". They will also be missed. However, since they stayed the night (after getting kicked out of the Hotel Moskva) I ended up on the hardwood floor. While it actually wasn't too bad, the cold shower and hard bed was kind of what I expected before coming out here.

I should explain what the e-mail situation so that everyone understands the medley of mail, duplicates and spaghetti text. Our current set up operates as follows: I type an e-mail in text, one of us tries to call Moscow to connect to an e-mail server (yesterday this took 2 hours), we send out an e-mail with the attached file, download all received mail to the computer, shut down the connection, then read our mail. Every now and then, we get told that the e-mail account is no good. The first time we set up mail, we were calling locally in St. Petersburg to access Vladivostok. When that shut down, we tried calling Vladivostok through Moscow. However, when we sent our files through it, the server UU encoded everything -- therefore the spaghetti text. Now I think we have the system solved. Oh yes, the day Dana and Kathy left, I gave her (Dana) a disk with all the mails we had unsuccessfully sent. Those got sent out Wednesday morning.

Last night we had a final debriefing with both teams to share information and sources. It brought up some interesting questions about corruption in local healthcare and the politics. One topic we're looking at is the costing and payment of a cath procedure. Apparently for in-city and federal patients, there are rigid guidelines detailing exactly where the money paid gets distributed too. There are no such guidelines for out-city/insurance cases so the hospital has a lot more say over where the money goes (i.e., other departments, personal pockets, etc instead of to cardiology where the work gets done). Vadim is in the process of getting Federal status for the catheter lab as it will be the only dedicated pediatric catheter lab in the country. This would make all of his cases Federal and the hospital would lose a lot of flexibility over the money generated. This is one source of tension between Anatoly and Vadim. Having the Federal government pay for cases would also free Vadim from the funding constraint imposed by the city and allow him to operate at capacity. Currently, the city only funds 140 open heart cases a year and will probably limit catheter case similarly. Note: Just found out today (6/3) that catheter cases will be paid for by insurance money which also means that the only limitation on caseload is what the catheter lab can handle.

Using Translators

One of the more interesting aspects of this project is the whole new layer of complexities that having a native speaker adds to the group dynamics. I find that is so convenient and so easy to let Alexei do a lot of the data gathering and interrelating that I have to watch myself so that I don't let him do everything. The use of a translator is a good example. At first we didn't use one and Alexei translated for us. Two things happened. Either he translated everything which resulted in him missing out on the conversation, or he interviewed in Russian stopping periodically to update us, which was quicker but left us out of the dialogue. Both cases were mentally draining. In hindsight, we should have sat down and all agreed on how we would use translators.

Using translators brings up another issue. When using translators, you have to be cognizant that you're still speaking to the interviewee albeit through someone else. Because I'm speaking directly to the translator, I find myself asking him or her about the interviewee, instead of asking questions directly. A lot of these people speak more English than they let on and I imagine that it is more polite to speak directly. There is also the matter of special technical language. Even Alexei, whose English is good, has occasional problems with translating medical terms. Remember, just because you have a native speaker doesn't mean that you don't need a translator.

Some of the translators we used were simultaneous translators, meaning that they would start to translate before the other person was finished speaking. It was a little disconcerting at first, having to listen to two people but you get used to it. The important thing to remember is not to interrupt the translator until they are completely finished - it breaks their train of concentration. This includes "what's" and other simple questions. There are simultaneous and consecutive translators. The simultaneous ones are more expensive of course. Agree before hand about how you will handle interruptions and questions.

5/29 When you get to Russia, register your passport immediately. You have 3 workings days to do it and failure to have it done by the time you leave could cost you a fine of $50-200. Failure to pay the fine means that you cannot leave Russia.

Got taken by Misha the driver yesterday. We thought the rate was $5/hour, but he charged us $40 ($20 each way) when be got back from the hospital. Alexei wasn't there so we couldn't argue about it. Needless to say, we won't be using him again. The only plus side of the trip was watching Karen sleep in the car. She can sleep through anything. We were driving over some pretty rutted roads and major bumps but she never woke up. Kept on bouncing around in the back seat but never stirred once. Amazing.

It seems like all the road here have major potholes. I can't remember any that I thought was in really good condition. In addition to the potholes, there are no lanelines in the road and the drivers seem to drive whereever they want. One common denominator is that pedestrians certainly don't have the right of way (I realize this would be a hard thing for a native Berkeleyan to understand). I can remember far too many old ladies running across the street to get out or our way. The drivers just assume that they're not going to stop, that you realize that, and will get out of their way. The parking however, is great. You can park anywhere in St. Petersburg. There doesn't seem to be any problem with that.

On the plus side, our driver today, Yuri was great. He is $5/day and worth it, you just have to get used to the sudden stops and the car falling apart (the windshield wipers falling off during the rainstorm comes to mind). How would I characterize his driving? Aggressive comes to mind. Definately a risk seeker. Yuri has been our driver for the last few days of our trip here and he's been dependable and full of information. He drives on the side (in more ways than one) and works as with computer graphics during his regular job at a government film studio. I think that he makes more by driving us around than he does at his normal job. Most government jobs seem to pay really poorly. We had another translator later on who was a doctor in another hospital. He agreed to come across town, in the middle of his day, to translate for us.

Our first stop today was the Pokrov Hospital to see another cath lab. The director there was very friendly and more than willing to tell us about himself and the great support from Heart to Heart .... for 2 hours. Every time we tried to get back (actually onto) the subject of catheters, he would just say "later .... we talk about them later". Andre the cardiologist who preforms the cathing at Pokrov was pretty friendly too and all to willing to talk about Heart to Heart also. His asked us to give "bolshoy privets" to all the doctors back here ... several times.

Then we tried to register our passports. On this matter, I am very disappointed in Boris. They knew that we had 3 days to register our passports and we kept on reminding them but they kept putting it off. Now it falls on Alexei's shoulders to get it straightened out and that's unfair. Anyway, the lady at the City Health Department (our sponsoring organization) said she might be able to help us. I hope so. We might have to cancel our trip to Moscow if we can't get our passports taken care of.

More on Food - Tonight's dinner was the cheese and barley special. The barley half is a genuine Budvar beer, the original Budweiser from Czechoslovakia, available for only 7000 R a bottle. The cheese is just cheese on bread. The bread however is like playing bread roulette. At the market, what Karen now calls the Cybermarket (for the way it's spelled in Cyrillic), a loaf of bread is only 2300 R. The only problem is that you can't tell what type of bread it is until you get home, hence "bread roulette". Yesterday I got lucky - wheat bread, which went well with the cheese. By the way, who were those well dressed gentlemen in the store yesterday and where did they get the money to buy all the expensive liqueurs? Checking in on an "investment"? Inquiring minds want to know.

5/30 Anyway, the good news is that Alexei was able to get our passports registered OK and we only had to pay a 300,00 ruble fine ($6) each. Luckily the secretary at the City Health Board (our sponsoring organization) knew somebody down at the international police office (where we had to get our passports registered) and was willing to help us out (she spent 3 hours down there today). We owe her big time. I'm extremely grateful. That means that we're going to Moscow on Friday. Yea! Alexei also arranged for car ($60 for the weekend) and an apartment (company apartment of a friend's company). The tickets there cost us approximately $50 for the roundtrip. While we're there, we'll also hook up with Tatiana (a classmate) and try to see Lenin (wonder if he just lies there like Mao?), the Kremlin (to see where "They" plotted from), the Pushkin Museum (more art), and Izmailovsky Market (shopping for arts and crafts). By the time we come back, we'll have a mere 3 days left here.

We heard from the two teams in Vietnam over e-mail. Isn't technology great? Here's what they had to say:

Sender: hanoi!haas@netnam.org.vn@postbox.anu.edu.au
Reply-To: hanoi!haas@netnam.org.vn@postbox.anu.edu.au

Michael --

Hey man! Greetings from Sandra, Matt, Sleepy and Manish - also from Jin, Chris, David, and Scott. We're all in Hanoi right now and nicely set up at the Eden hotel - 3 pcs, email and a cordless phone, baby! (we have more power requirements than a 10 V families combined, i'm afraid). Anyway, things are terrific. No one deathly ill yet ( a few minor, temp casualties) and only a few malarial mosquito bites. When do you guys finish up and are you doing anything after the job? We're trying to get to Tiomon island, off the coast of malaysia for some scuba. If you want to reply to this message, type out the address, and put my name in the header! Say hi to your team!- Sandra

Sounds like they're doing OK. We sent them back and e-mail and I'm sure when everyone finally gets back, we'll all have a get together to share pictures and swap lies.

Our Trip to Moscow

5/31 The first day of our Moscow excursion. $24 bought us a one-way, 400 mile train ride in a 6-passenger compartment, a box lunch, and a great view of the countryside. I had expected more of the bench seat, fend for yourself type of ride. The view itself was interesting - the area south of St. Petersburg is a big swamp, saw a lot of dachas and villages. It's amazing how much like parts of the US or Germany it looked like. As the countryside rolled past, I could also see it all as a Squad Leader board, hex by hex.

Proof that we were really in Moscow. That's St Basil's Cathedral behind us

Once we arrived in Moscow, we were met by Alexei's friend, Pavel who took us back to the apartment. On the way back, we got a whirlwind tour of Moscow and saw the bridge where the tanks were firing into the White House during the '93 coup, the television tower they tried to take over, the former KGB buildings, the Kremlin, and lots of other stuf. Moscow seems like much more of a city than St. Petersburg. Driving through St. Petersburg, you get the idea that it's big, but there isn't any place (except the top of St. Issac's) that you can really see how large it really is because it's flat and you're always surrounded by buildings. Moscow is on more rolling terrain so you can see over the city in certain places. Moscow is also more open that St. Petersburg - wider boulevards, the same crazy drivers. Newer buildings too - these were built in the 70's and 80's instead of the 40's and 50's.

6/1 Another cold shower. This time the apartment building has no hot water. Oh well, I'm starting to get used to them and the apartment is free. We started early, at 0800, stopped off at the top of the highest hill in Moscow, right in front of Moscow University. From there, you can pretty much see over the whole city, the 7 Stalin skyscapers, the river.

The Kremlin is actually a complex that contains museums, churches, and state buildings. I had always associated it with St. Basil's Cathedral and didn't realize what it actually was. They have the Armoury where the state jewels are kept, some very old churches (the Kremlin dates back to the 14th century I think). There was a lot more to see there than I had initially thought.

The monument to the unknown soldier is a very simple eternal flame. It has no guards or honor guard but I was glad to see that no one had defaced it either.

Armory. This is where the crown jewels of Russia are kept. Its like the "Tower of London" of Russia.

Red Square is a little smaller than I had expected. From our point of view, the Kremlin walls are to the right, St. Basil's is straight ahead and the GUM department store is on the left. The actual square itself isn't that big - I was expecting something on the order of Tiannamen Square in Beijing. They were setting up for a rock concert at 1500 in Red Square and the security was there too. Based on the trucks and buses I counted (professional interest), I estimated 1,500 - 2,000 soldiers, OMOH, and police. They certainly like their security. The OMOH had their buses pulled right up to the edge of Red Square where you could see the riot gear etc. I'm not sure that the overkill was really that good of an idea.

At one edge of Red Square is Lenin's Musoleum. He lies in state there just like Mao in Beijing. The long lines to see him are gone now as is the changing of the guard, but the guards still enforce the quiet inside. Along the same wall of the Kremlin are the graves and memorials to the heros of the Soviet Union. A lot of the chairmen and other important party officials, revolutionaries, and heros (Yuri Gagarian) are actually buried in the walls. Alexei is a great tour guide. He was able to walk us down the wall of memorials and explain who each person was.

St. Basil's Cathedral are the familiar onion domes that everyone associates with Moscow. It was kind of strange actually seeing it for the first time.

Leaving Red Square could only be done a two locations. We chose to leave by the GUM department store but there was fenced off construction down the middle of the street and they hadn't made any provisions for people to cross from one side to the other. I suppose we could have kept walking until we went around the construction but we "bribed" some of the construction workers 10,000 R to let us through the fence. GUM itself is like and enclosed mini-mall, a bunch of smaller stores all under the same roof. We only took a quick walk through to get to the car but it looked pretty nice.

Arbat Street starts with a McDonald's at one end. This too looks like it was a lot more upscale than the ones back home. It had a line that stretched out the door and into the street for quite a way. Arbat Street is like the Zeil in Frankfurt, just a nice street to walk down, do some shopping, get something to eat, etc.

While Pizza Hut has been around for some time, I guess that pizza is still a new experience for the Russians. Patio Pizza was a more upscale pizza place that we took Alexei and Pavel for their time and effort. It had the first salad bar I've seen here but the bill for the 5 of us came out to be $92. I know that Moscow is an expensive city to live in, but I don't see how the Russians can afford it. Maybe there are just a lot more New Russians (ones with money) than I realize.

The Pushkin Museum. Another art museum ... which was a nice change after the Hermitage. The Pushkin had a nice collection of Impressionist's art but was laid out much nicer than the Hermitage. The lighting was pretty good and there were benches in the center of each room so you could sit down and appreciated the painting. The Hermitage had very poor lighting and the rooms themselves were so done up, they were very hard on the senses. Just a total visual overload that sometimes overwhelmed the works of art.

Finally saw a farmer's market. If I hadn't been taken there to buy fruit to bring to Valodya's, I never would have found it on my own. I was quite impressed, there was enough fresh fruit and vegetables to equal a lot of the farmer's markets I've seen.

We took the bus home because we had all been drinking and Russia has very strict DUI laws - you're not allowed to have any alcohol if you drive - though you can bribe the policemen for $100 if you do get caught. Anyway, it was the first night we had seen in 2 weeks.

The whole Haas Group. That's Tatiana #2 from the left and out hosts, Pavel on the right, and Valodya standing next to Carolyn and myself

6/2 On Russian Hospitality - We've been invited into two Russian houses this trip and both times I've been overwhelmed at their concept of hospitality. Valodya and Tania invited the four of us plus Pavel to dinner and had the full spread of crystal, a table full of food, caviar, vodka, champagne. Here we were, three strangers in their house, yet they treated us like royalty. They stuffed us full of food, offered us more to drink and eat than we could possibly take, and drove us around all weekend. The Russians all seem to be very stern dour people when you see them on the street, but once they invite you into their house everything changes. Again, we had many toasts and singing. This time we sang "Yesterday" and "Yellow Submarine" to the tune of Volodya's guitar. If you ever get invited to a Russian's house, be prepared with toasts and songs. Beatles songs are a good bet. I've come to the conclusion that if you can sing two or three Beatles songs, you're set, anywhere you go in the world.

Valodya is a friend of Alexei's from his university days and currently is the finance director of a small bank. He did a short term in the military but left after seven years. His wife, Tania, just finished her residency (ICU) and is now looking for a job. As a resident, she was earning $42-50/month. They have a cute little 8 year old girl, Masha, and a cat, Vasil. Their apartment is also about 600 sq ft.

Just another note, when a Russian invites you to visit, they expect to pay for everything. Pavel and Valodya gave us gifts, fed us, and tried to pay for all sorts of things. It's something that should be expected.

One of the sights that Dana and Kathy recommended was the Izmailovsky Market. None of the Muscovites (Pavel, Valodya, Alexei, nor Tatiana) knew where it was or even that it was really there. If you want souvenirs, this is the place to go. You can get just about anything you want there from dolls to boxes to militaria to old stuff to night vision. I saw some nice night vision systems for $180 but I couldn't get a firm answer on whether or not I could bring it back into the states. Bummer. I did find some nice boxes though and some other stuff that would make nice presents.

When we tried to leave from the market, Valodya's car wouldn't start because the battery was dead. We spent and hour or so finding someone with jumper cables (2 "cables" with bare ends) and even after we did that, the car still died so we had to go and buy a new battery ($50). I went with Pavel and Alexei to buy a battery but they told me to stay in the car because the transaction would go faster and cost less than in they were seen with a foreigner.

I had always thought that Gorky Park was a park, not the amusement park that it is. It sits right on the river and has a bunch of roller coasters and other rides. Part of the park was cordoned off by more security and it looked like they were sweeping for drugs. It's still a pretty nice park and a pleasent place to take a walk and have lunch. No one was brave enough to try the rides though - something about concerns about safety standards.

The train ride back was pretty uneventful. I spent most of the return trip asleep although the chairs are proportion just perfectly to make them uncomfortable for me. There are only 3 days left.

6/3 Meeting with Mr Simahotsky. He is the person who determines the amount of city support to the catheter lab. The meeting actually went very well. He was full of information, very willing to talk, and best of all, he was concise and to the point. This was in marked contrast to the last interview we had at the other institute. I'm really amazed at the level of access we have here. I don't think there is anyone that we have needed to talk to that hasn't been available and willing to talk with us.

A last look at The Team -- of course, I am taking the picture

6/4 Today we present what we've found to Anatoly and Vadim. Dr Hardy didn't want us to actually leave them with anything and there are no overheads so the presentation shouldn't be too tough. We'll give Anatoly an overview of the costing and forecasting to give him a warm and fuzzy without being too specific. Vadim will get a more detailed presentation of forecasting and inventory.

Talk about surprises. When we went in to brief Anatoly, we were told that the cath lab would not be the sole purview of the cardiology department and would instead conduct cath procedures for all needs, i.e., cerebral, renal, biliary, etc. In addition to that, he gave us his figures that stated the demand for pediatric catheterization was 50 a year. Our projections were a little different at 600+ per year. To top it off, he said that he was stealing a doctor from another hospital to run this new department. To say we were taken off guard is a huge understatement. We had interviewed him on our first working day and he gave no mention that the cath lab would be organized any different than we expected --to fall under the cardiology group and conduct only pediatric cath cases.

Anatoly is a coniver and I think that part of this is political maneuvering to 1) limit the special treatment the cardiology department is getting, 2) limit the influence of Heart to Heart, 3) show everyone that he is still in control, or 4) all of the above. Vadim hadn't heard about the decision only. Karen and Carolyn both said that his eyes got wide and his jaw dropped when we brought the issue up. Normally, I would have written that off as a lesson learned - to ask your secondary clients if their vision of your project matches up with your primary client's vision - except that we did that. We're going to brief Dr. Hardy tonight and let him deal with it. I don't want to get myself in the middle of this.

6/5 Our last day here. Alexei went down to the telephone place to get a breakout of our phone charges. We were expecting maybe $100 in calls and e-mail. The bill came out to be $436. A large part was Alexei's personal calls to Vladivostok (at 3 times the rate he thought it would be) and e-mail came out to be another $124 in calls to Moscow. Ouch. We all thought that the rates would be $.30 or so to Moscow but at peak hours it is $.90.

If I had to come out here again, I wouldn't bring any travellers checks but would split my cash between $100 and $20 bills. Russia is not very friendly to travellers checks or credit cards. I found very few places who would exchange travellers checks and non that would take them in payment. The number of places that would take credit cards in payment were also scarce. Even the antique stores who carried big ticket items would only take cash and then only rubles.

Another interesting thing is the 3 step method of payment. You go to a store, identify what you want and how much. The lady at the counter writes you a slip which you then bring to the cashier to pay. You then take the receipt and pick your items up at the counter. It seems like a very strange way of doing things.

6/6 Today we leave Russia. I don't know when I'll be back but I'd definately like to come back. I think though that if I come back, I will definately try to hook up with friends and contacts. You can get around as a normal tourist but I think that it would be a lot more difficult and expensive. The language is learnable but not easy. It's too different from the other European languages.

Our flight leaves at 0630 which means that we're up at 0300. We finally got a reservation on the hotel taxi after 4 attempts and it came right on time. The flights have been okay but the flight from St Petersburg to Frankfurt was full of American school kids who were really obnoxious. It's too bad, some of them were decent but the rest of them were loud, obnoxious, and discourteous. Not quite the impression that I'd like to be making.

Now we've finally left Russia. I made it out without 1) losing the travel advance money, 2) not losing or damaging the schools laptop computer, and 3) not being arrested. I consider that to be a major victory. We'll see in Atlanta if our caviar made it out. You are not allowed to take caviar out of the country unless you buy it in a hard currency store and can provide a receipt as proof. Of course, there were none to be found in St Petersburg. So Yuri (bless his heart), took us around until be found all the caviar we wanted to buy. The caviar that we bought is of the red kind. When we were at Valodya's house, he served red caviar on white bread that had been slathered with butter. I was surprised at how good it was. While I don't usually eat caviar, I've always seen it served up with all sorts of garnishing and additions. I guess this is because it is more unusual than in the states. If everything works out, I will bring back two cans.

Russia has been a really great experience. We came out to do a project in a foreign land that none of us had operated in before and we managed to sucessfully complete our mission, see a great deal of Russia given the time and experience a lot of culture. The people were a lot friendlier than I had initially imagined and Russian hospitality is incredible. If Valodya and his family ever come to San Francisco, I hope that I can return some of it. The country itself is full of history and incredibly huge. I can't imagine ever seeing it all.

I liked St. Petersburg. It's a nice picturesque town with all the canals and rivers that run through it. Definately come in the summer though. I would have liked to spend more time sightseeing. The same goes for Moscow. While we probably saw more than we would have ever seen on our own, there was stil so much to see. So much more shopping that could have been done. Oh well. At least I've been here once and now know that I'd like to come back.

Lessons Learned

Now that our project is over, what have I learned as I look back? Here's a brief list:

a. We had a team member that arrived 3 days later than the main body. In the interim, it was difficult to stay in contact and we had to work through several other people to pass messages and information. This was in part because we had not agreed on times and methods to stay in touch.
Recommend: When you have a member arriving at a later time, be sure to establish the time, method, and means of communications. Identifying one person back home to collect and disseminate information can also be helpful.

b. The day before we left, we hooked our printer to our laptop to test it out and found that it wouldn't print. All that was needed was to install the printer driver. If we hadn't done so, we would have brought the printer to Russia for nothing. Later in the project, our transformer blew a fuse and we didn't have a spare. It took several days to find a replacement.
Recommend: Test all equipment you plan to bring and conduct an operational test. This ensures that you're not bringing any paperweights. Assume that any fuses or bulbs, etc will fail at least twice and bring the apporpriate spares. bonus point - DO NOT plug the hair dryer into a small transformer. It makes them smell really bad.

c. If for any reason our printer had failed while we were in Russia, we would have had to rely on either finding another computer to print from or lose the capability to print anything. Even if we had found a computer, it might not have been running software that would have supported our documents. If we had brought our print driver software, all we would have needed to do is locate a printer.

As an additional point, if you're going to a developing country, try not to make too many assumptions about what equipment will be available to you in-country. We get so used to having everything readily available at Haas that we sometimes forget that the same facilites and support don't exist overseas except at extremely high cost.
Recommend: Bring driver software for printers. You never know what equipment you will have available at your destination.

d. When we left San Francisco, there were some minor problems with tagging the destination of our bags. While all of our bags arrived in St Petersburg on time, if there had been problems, all or our office supplies would have been delayed with the bag they were in. This could have added complications to our project if we had needed them.
Recommend: Crosslevel all critical equipment and supplies. That way, if a bag doesn't make it, all your office supplies or transformer equipment isn't waiting there with it.

e. The first night we were in our apartment, the toilet kept flushing so we tried to adjust the water flow into the toilet tank. Unfortunatley, the knobs were connected to a showerheadlike fixture which directed all the water into the floor. That night, we had a visit from our downstairs neighbors wondering why water was running from the ceiling into their apartment.
Recommend: Don't try to do any electrical or plumbing work on the local appliances. You never know what is connected to what.

f. All the signs in Russia are in Cyrillic. There are very few signs in English and finding someone to ask questions or directions is hard. However, there are many Russian words that are pronounced just like their English counterparts -- once you learn how to sound out their alphabet.
Recommend: Learning the alphabet in Russia is essential. While the Cyrillic alphabet is very different from the Latin alphabet it isn't too hard to learn. It at least lets you read where you're going.

g. When we tried to register our passports prior to our trip to Moscow, we were told that we were late and should have registered them within 3 working days of arrival. The authorities told us that it would take 2-3 days to get them registered and a late fine of $50-200 would be levied against each person.
Recommend: Ensure that your passports are registered immediately. Don't let anyone tell you that it's OK if they're not registered in 3 days.

h. Actually living with a working team means that you're together even when you're not "on the job". This too requires a set of norms with respect to washing dishes, keeping living areas clean, time to wake up, whether people have to stay in groups, what to do with limited sets of keys, etc. These are all issues that don't usually come up when you're just working together.
Recommend: If you know that you'll actually be living together as a team, take some time to discuss and agree on these norms and expectations. It may also help cut down on multiple people bringing the same supplies.

i. When we finally settled our phone bill with the telephone office, it came out to be $436, about triple what anyone expected. The main reason for this were several calling rates that were much higher than we expected.
Recommend: Find out for sure what the calling rates are before you call. If in doubt, call the local telephone office. Keeping a phone log will also help when you break out the individual portions of the bill. On the phone log, identify the date, time, phone number called, caller, and the length of the call.

j. We eventually got an e-mail message from the teams in Vietnam but weren't able to send a reply. There were probably other teams with e-mail capability and it would have been nice to be able to talk across teams.
Recommend:Identify a person at home who would be willing to act as a clearinghouse for e-mail addresses and messages if necessary. This way, experience, solutions, and stories can be shared.

Other recommendations:
Recommend: Get a money belt and cross level expense cash. This ensures that if one person loses their money or gets robbed, all the teams expense money isn't lost.

Recommend: Make yourself a small travel kit. A couple of things that I've found to be useful are:

Bringing a small set of tools, comforts, and snacks will let you make do with just about anything. Every now and then, a team will have to jury rig, fix, or modify something to fit their needs. A tools will make it easier to do that.

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